The emergence and application of self loading mixer undoubtedly provides many benefits and conveniences for construction engineering construction. However, due to its particularity, self loading mixer truck is more likely to cause traffic accidents than ordinary vehicles in the actual driving process, and the consequences of the accident are more serious than ordinary vehicles. The following article will simply analyze the main causes of the accident during the transportation of the loading mixer, and give the corresponding solutions for these reasons.

自上料搅拌车主要由底盘、供水系统、液压系统、搅拌筒、前后台及车架、进出料系统、操作系统、人梯及照明装置等部件组成

The self loading mixer is mainly composed of chassis, water supply system, hydraulic system, mixing drum, front and rear platform and frame, feeding and discharging system, operating system, ladder and lighting device

（一）事故发生原因分析

（1） Cause analysis of the accident

1.车辆结构特点

1. Vehicle structure features

自上料搅拌车主要由底盘、供水系统、液压系统、搅拌筒、前后台及车架、进出料系统、操作系统、人梯及照明装置等部件组成。搅拌车由于在底盘上加装了搅拌滚筒，其较其他改装车辆的高出很多，即使部分生产厂家竭尽各种办法降低搅拌车的，受搅拌车现有结构的限制，整车仍然很高。

The self loading mixer is mainly composed of chassis, water supply system, hydraulic system, mixing drum, front and rear platform and frame, feeding and discharging system, operating system, ladder and lighting device. The center of gravity of the mixer truck is much higher than that of other modified vehicles due to the installation of mixing drum on the chassis. Even if some manufacturers try their best to reduce the center of gravity of the mixer truck, due to the limitation of the existing structure of the mixer, the center of gravity of the whole vehicle is still very high.

2.工作模式

2. Working mode

自上料搅拌车是将预拌混凝土从搅拌站运输到施工工地的一种专用车辆。在运输过程中，为保障预拌混凝土的质量，搅拌滚筒在运输途中须低速运转（1-3rpm），因此使整车的向着旋转方向偏移。目前，国内的螺旋几乎都是左旋螺旋，因此搅拌车在右转时更容易侧翻。

Self loading mixer is a special vehicle for transporting ready mixed concrete from mixing station to construction site. In the process of transportation, in order to ensure the quality of ready mixed concrete, the mixing drum must run at a low speed (1-3 RPM) during transportation, so that the center of gravity of the whole vehicle shifts towards the rotation direction. At present, the domestic screw is almost left-handed, so the mixer truck is easier to roll when turning right.

上料搅拌车的交通事故也多由超速引起。汽车行业标准《混凝土搅拌运输车技术条件和实验方法》中明确规定搅拌车较高车速不得高于50km/h。而目前几乎所有的搅拌车司机都没有做到这点，同时相关搅拌车生产厂家也没有对搅拌车采取限速措施。因此厂家为了多赚钱，即使在车水马龙的市区，搅拌车的时速也时有超过50km/h，甚更高。

The traffic accidents of loading mixer are mostly caused by speeding. The national automobile industry standard "technical conditions and experimental methods for concrete mixer truck" clearly stipulates that the higher speed of mixer truck shall not be higher than 50km / h. At present, almost all the mixer drivers have not done this, and the relevant mixer manufacturers have not taken speed limit measures for the mixer. Therefore, in order to make more money, even in the busy urban areas, the speed of mixer truck sometimes exceeds 50km / h, or even higher.

3.企业管理

3. Enterprise management

凝土企业出料多少受季节影响很大，在企业生产旺季和施工项目比较多时，自上料搅拌车司机在一个或数个工地疲于本命，而且在炎热的夏季，为降低预拌混凝土中水分的蒸发，保障混凝土的质量，大多工程选择在夜间施工，因此驾驶员几乎没有休息的时间，多数时候处在疲劳驾驶状态，从而大大增加了搅拌车事故发生的几率。同时，由于司机的待遇和运输次数和运输方量挂钩，即使企业不在生产旺季，也促使司机多拉快跑。因此，疲劳驾驶和超速驾驶便成了搅拌车司机的家常便饭。

The discharging amount of concrete enterprises is greatly affected by seasons. In the peak production season and construction projects, the driver of the loading mixer truck is tired of his own life in one or several construction sites. In hot summer, in order to reduce the evaporation of moisture in the ready mixed concrete and ensure the quality of concrete, most projects choose to construct at night, so the driver hardly has a rest time in a day, Most of the time, they are in fatigue driving state, which greatly increases the probability of mixer accidents. At the same time, the number of drivers and transport enterprises are not linked to the number of times of transportation. As a result, fatigue driving and speeding have become the daily life of mixer drivers.

（二）相关措施和办法

（2） Relevant measures and Solutions

通过以上分析，自上料搅拌车要想实现行驶，降低事故的发生率，不但需要司机的自我约束，加强文明驾驶意识，而且需要搅拌车生产厂家对搅拌车技术的改进和各相关行政部门的严厉监督。因此，提出以下几点方案：

Through the above analysis, in order to achieve safe driving and reduce the incidence of accidents, it is not only necessary for the driver's self-restraint and strengthening the awareness of safe and civilized driving, but also the improvement of mixer technology and the strict supervision of relevant administrative departments. Therefore, the following solutions are proposed:

1.混凝土生产企业改变车队管理模式，司机的待遇不但和运输次数和运输方量挂钩，还要和文明驾驶挂钩，加强司机的意识，要求司机文明驾驶，严禁司机在运输过程中的超速行为。

1. When the concrete production enterprises change the management mode of the fleet, the treatment of drivers is not only linked with the number of transportation and the volume of transportation, but also with safe and civilized driving, so as to strengthen the safety awareness of drivers, require the drivers to drive in a civilized manner, and prohibit drivers from speeding during transportation.

2.搅拌车生产厂家通过技术革新，不断降低车辆的，目前通过降低搅拌滚筒的倾斜角度；三一通过一体化设计取消副车架都有效降低了搅拌车的。同时在搅拌车上安装GPS，监测车辆速度，当车速超过50km/h时，车辆报警提示司机降速。

2. Through technical innovation, the mixer manufacturer has continuously reduced the center of gravity of the vehicle. At present, by reducing the tilt angle of the mixing drum, Sany has effectively reduced the center of gravity of the mixer by canceling the sub frame through the integrated design. At the same time, GPS is installed on the mixer to monitor the vehicle speed. When the vehicle speed exceeds 50km / h, the vehicle alarms and prompts the driver to slow down.

在自上料搅拌车运输的途中发生交通事故的情况虽不在少数，但只要我们严格按照相应技术规程正确操作和使用，并认真将各项防护措施落实到位，相信定能够降低搅拌车发生严重事故的几率。

Although there are not a few traffic accidents on the way from the loading mixer truck, as long as we operate and use it in strict accordance with the corresponding technical regulations, and seriously implement various safety protection measures, we believe that the probability of serious safety accidents of the mixer can be reduced.